Dipper



A. w; DANxELs 2,180,348

DIFFER Filed July 6, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 TTL f HX \;.T- h \".l

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Nov. 21, 1939.

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lllllullllllllllllll Nov. 21, 1939. A. w. DANIELS DIPPER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 6, 193s Patented Nov. 2.1, 1939 DIPPE Arthur W. Daniels, Chicago, 11i., assignor to Daniels-Murtaugh Company, Cedar Rapids, Iowa. a partnership comprising Arthur W. Daniels and Joseph 1. Murtaugh Application July 6, 1936, Serial No. 89,142

13 Claims.

"This invention.. relates to dippers for steam shovels and the like and more particularly to the connection between the dipper and the dipper stick with which the dipper is operated by the steam shovel` or like machine.

According to the present invention, the heavy casting which has heretofore been appliedto the dipper stick to facilitate its connectionwlth the dipper ls dispensed with and instead the back of the dipper has formed thereon suitable sockets or other connecting structure for the reception of the dipper stick. Although such additions to the dipper back add some weight to it, the weight added is small in comparison to the amount saved by the omission of the usual separate casting, and furthermore the added structure on the dipper back reinforces this member.

An object of the invention, therefore, is to provide a dipper and dipper stick construction in which satisfactory mounting of the dipper on the stick is obtained at a substantial saving in weight. Such a saving in weight not only reduces the initial cost of the dipper but also permits a dipper of a given capacity to be operated by a smaller machine and consequently at less cost.

Another object of the invention is to provide a dipper and dipper stick construction in which the dipper is more satisfactorily mounted on the stick than heretofore.

A related and more specific object of the invention is to provide such a construction in which the connection between the dipper and dipper stick can be drawn tight and does not become loose.

Still another object of the invention is to provide such a construction in which the angle of the dipper with respect to the dipper stick may be adjusted with comparative ease and reliability.

Another and important object of the invention is to provide a connection between the dipper and dipper stick which does not weaken the stick and render it more liable to breakage.

Additional objects will be apparent from the following description and from the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of one preferred form of the construction.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of theA construction shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken approximately along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view corresponding to Fig. 1, but of a modification of the invention.

' Fig. l6 is afragmentaryview corresponding to Fig. 2. but showing the structure of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view taken 5 substantially along the line 1-1 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view taken substantially along the line 8-4 of Fig. 7: and

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary view similar to a portion of Fig. 2, but showing another modification 10 of the invention.

Although this invention may take many forms, only a few have been chosen for illustration. In all of these forms the dipper is secured to the dipper stick with the aid of a special construction l5 of the dipper back. The dipper back is that portion of the dipper to which it is the conventional practice to secure the stick and the hinged bottom or door.

In Fig. 1 the dipper Il is secured to a dipper 20 stick having the two portions I2. According to conventional practice, the dipper is made up of a plurality of castings, and for the purpose of considering the connection of the dipper to the dipper stick all of these castings may be considered as conventional except for the dipper back I3. The dipper back I3 includes the conventional lugs I4 for connection of the bottom or dipper door i6 to the back, and the lugs I1 for connection of the hoist line to the dipper. In 30 addition, it includes two sockets 2| which are braced by wings 22 and a connecting centerconstruction 23. The wings 22 may be flanged webs but both these wings and the center construction have been illustrated as being of hollow con- 5 struction. For the purpose of casting the structure, core holes will of course be provided wherever necessary. At the bottom of the socket 2| there is preferably provided an arcuate wall 26, through which passages 21 extend (in the form 4 of Figs. 1 to 4) -to the inside of the dipper so as to receive a U-bolt 28. The inside of the dipper back is recessed as at 29 to receive nuts 30 screwed onto the Ubolt. A wear plate W32 is provided against the wall 2l, this wear plate preferably 45 being made of a tough rubber material, such as rubber reinforced by suitable cords or fabric. Of course, a. steel plate may be usedif preferred. The dipper stick i2 is provided with an end structure which will rest on the wear plate 32 50 and be secured by the U-bolt 20.

Que form of dipper stick is seen clearly in Figs. 3 and 4. Each portion I2 of the dipper stick is made up of a box like construction including front and back walls 36 and side walls 31 welded to- 55 gether in accordance with prior practice. Bracing plates 38 are desirably welded to the outsides of side plates 31 throughout the portion thereof projecting into the sockets 2l and as 5 much further as may be necessary for adequate strength. The side plates 3'I`and reinforcingI u; be slipped into place with ease.

The U-bolt 28 extends through the passages 21 as previously mentioned and` the nuts 36 are applied to the U-bolt and turned to draw it tight, thus clamping the stick I2 tightly against the wear plate or cushion 32. The socket 2| is designed to permit angular adjustment between the stick I2 and the bucket, one position being shown in Fig. 3, and another position being shown (with a modified construction) in Fig. 7. To maintain the desired relation a wedge 46 is provided of rubber or of any suitable metal to be driven between the dipper stick I2 and either the top or bottom of the socket 2|. In Fig. 3, it is shown between the stick I2 and the bottom of the socket 2|, but, if it were desired to shift the bucket to the other angle, this could be done merely by removing the Wedge 46 from the position shown and driving it in above the stick between the stick and the top of the socket 2|.

The nuts 30 could be loosened to permit the shifting, if necessary, to facilitate removal of the wedge 46, it may be provided at its outer end with suitable securing means such as a threaded hole 48, which may be formed directly in the wedge if it is of a hard metal or in an insert embedded in the Wedge if the wedge is rubber.

With a casting such as the dipper back I3, itis, of course, desirable to avoid the necessity for extreme accuracy. At the same time it is sometimes desirable to avoid any lateral play between the dipper sticks I2 and the sockets 2|. VTo reconcile these two opposed requirements, the sockets may be made suiiiciently over size to insure the dipper sticks fitting into them easily, and the efforts of accuracy are concentrated on the spacing of the outside walls 5I of the sockets. The dipper sticks I2 will, therefore, iit into the sockets easily and will fit fairly close to the walls 5I. If it is desired to press them rmly against said walls, a turn buckle 53 may be provided which spreads apart a pair of bolts 54 to press against the insides of the dipper sticks I2 and ilex them .the slight amount necessary to force them against the outer walls 5| of the sockets 2|. The bolts 54 are preferably provided with square ends tting through square holes in the sockets 2| or with some other means for preventing the bolts from turning when the turn buckle 53 is turned. It will be understood, of course, that a suitable opening 56 is provided in the centerstructure 23 to permit access to the turn buckle 53. Many people consider a little play advantageous or harmless and so the turn buckle may be omitted. Also rubber side pads may be provided if desired.

'I'he structure shown in Figs. 5 to 8 is' quite similar to that shown in Figs. 1 to 4 except that there is a single dipper stick 5I instead of a dounble dipper stick, and a wedge 55 is used in- 15 stead of a U-bolt. Except as modified in accordance with these differences, the socket 56 of the dipper back I 3 is quite similar to the sockets 2| of Figs. 1 to 4. The bracing is somewhat different, side braces 58 and downwardly extending braces 59 all being of web like construction. For the sake of rigidity and the best use of the metal these braces are provided with anges 6I along their edges.

As will be seen most clearly from Fig. 7, the Wedge 55 is thrust through the socket 56 from the top thereof and bears against the lug 43, which is similar to that shown in Fig. 3 althrough it may be shaped slightly differently for engagement by the wedge 55 instead of the U- bolt 28. The wedge 55 may be drawn tight in any suitable manner, as by a nut 63.

Although no cushion or wear plate has been shown between the dipper stick 5I and the seat of the socket 56, either may be provided, if desired. Also the reinforcing side plates 38 of Fig. 4 may be provided, though they have not been shown in Fig. 8.

Because of the use of the U-bolt28 or wedge 55, which may be drawn perfectly tight by tightening the nuts 30 or nut 63, it is believed that the connection between the dipper and the dipper stick will be free from trouble, since such troubles have usually been due to a slight looseness which resulted in repeated pounding of the parts against one another. Because of the possible tightness of the U-bolt 28 or wedge 55 it probably will not be necessary to use the rubber cushion 32 nor even any other wear plate but some such intervening member may be desired, out of an abundance of caution in protecting the relatively expensive back casting of the dipper. Of course, a rubber cushion will be especially desirable, snce it not only will protect the parts in contact therewith but will take up a little bit of the shock which otherwise would be transmitted between the dipper and the dipper stick during normal operations.

It should be noted that there is nothing in vthis connection that weakens the dipper stick.

In the past these sticks have often broken, and usually at a point where pin holes weakened the stick, the pin holes being positioned at a point about corresponding to the top of the socket in the present invention.

In Fig. 9 is illustrated another modification of the invention, one side of a double dipper stick is shown. The structure is similar to that shown in Figs. l to 4 except that instead of a U-bolt or wedge co-acting with a block such-as the block 43, a pin 1I is passed through the walls of the socket and through the end portion of the dipper stick 12. This pin is positioned at about the end of the stick so that its weakening effect is relatively harmless.

It should be obvious that with any form of connection illustrated either a single or a double stick may be used. All forms provide a better connection between the dipper and dipper stick while nevertheless saving a considerable weight of metal.

The disclosures of this application are illustrative and the invention is not to be limited by them. In fact, if modifications or improvements are not at once obvious, they may be devised in the course of time to make additional use of the broad ideas taught and covered by this application. The claims are intended to point out novel features and not to limit the invention except as may be required by prior art.

I claim:

1. 'I'he combination of a dipper having a unitary dipper back with a socket formed integrally therewith and extending away therefrom, a dipper stick for operating said dipper extending removably into said socket, and means for eliminating vertically transverse digging slap between the stick and the socket.

2. The combination of a dipper having a closed unitary dipper back with a socket formed integrally therewith and extending away therefrom and a dipper stick for operating said dipper extending into said socket, means for securing the inner end of said stick to said dipper including screw means for drawing the two tightly together and removably holding it therein.

V 3. The combination of a dipper having a closed unitary dipper back with a socket formed integrally therewith and' extending away therefrom and a dipper stick for operating said dipper extending into said socket, said stick including side walls extending forwardly from the end of the stick and a lug secured between said side walls, and means for engaging said lug to draw said stick tightly into said socket and removably holding it therein.

4. The combination of a dipper having a dipper back with a socket extending away therefrom and a dipper stick for operating said dipper extending into said socket, said stick including side walls extending forwardly from the end of the stick and a lug secured between said side walls, and a U-bolt extending around said lug and into said socket and having nuts thereon for drawing said stick tightly into said socket.

5. The combination of a dipper having a dipper back with a socket extending away therefrom and a dipper stick for operating said dipper extending into said socket, said stick including side walls extending forwardly from the end of the stick and a lug secured between said side walls, anda wedge extending through said socket and engaging said lug for drawing said stick tightly into said socket.

6. 'Ihe combination of a dipper having a dipper back with a socket extending away therefrom and a dipper stick for operating said dipper extending into said socket, said socket being of such size with respect to said stick as to permit angular adjustment of the dipper with respect thereto and means for securing said socket and stick in an adjusted position.

7. 'I'he combination of a dipper having a dipper back with a socket extending away therefrom and a dipper stick for operating said dipper extending into said socket, said socket being of such size with respect to said stick as to permit angular adjustment .of the dipper with respect thereto, and a wedge adapted to be driven between said stick and said socket to lock the stick and socket in a given position.

8. 'I'he combination of a dipper having a dipper back having a pair of spaced sockets integrally formed thereon and a pair of spaced sticks iltting into said sockets and secured therein at approximately the inner ends thereof, and means acting simultaneously on both sticks for liiexing said sticks laterally to press them iirmly against the sides of said sockets.

9. The combination of a dipper having adipper back with a socket extending integrally therefrom and a dipper stick for operating said dipper extending into said socket, said socket being of such size with respect to said stick as to permit angular adjustment of the dipper with respect thereto and means for securing said socket and stick in an adjusted position.

10. The combination of a dipper, stick-engaging means carried by the dipper including top and bottom walls rigidly associated with a portion of the dipper, a dipper stick for operating said dipper extending between said top and bottom walls, said walls being so spaced as to permit movement of the dipper stick therebetween, and a. wedge adapted to be driven between said stick and one of the walls to l'ock the stick and dipper in a given position; the combination of dipper, wedge and stick including a resilient pad placed under pressure by the action of the wedge for absorbing the digging shock between the dipper and the stick.

11. The combination of a dipper, stick-engaging means carried by the dipper including top and bottom walls rigidly associated with a portion of the dipper, a dipper stick for operating said dipper extending between said top and bottom walls, said walls being spaced as to permit movement of the dipper stick therebetween, and means for absorbing the digging shock between the dipper and the stick and for minimizing slap between the dipper and the stick including a resilient pad positioned and compressed between the stick and one oi the walls.

l2. The combination of a dipper having a dipper back. a dipper stick for operating said dipper including side walls and a lug secured between said side walls, a U-bolt extending around said lug4 and into said dipper back and having nuts thereon for drawing said stick tightly into said socket, and means for substantially preventing angular movement between the dipper and the dipper stick.

13. The combination of a dipper having a dipper back, a dipper stick for operating the dipper. means for securing the end of the stick to the dipper including screw means for drawing the dipper stick and dipper back tightly together and removably holding them together, and a resilient pad compressed between the dipper and the dipper stick characterized by a rigid but smooth increase during compression oi' its resistance to further compression. and means for substantially preventing angular movement between the dipper stick o 

